孟子民本经济观探析

孟子秉持着“民贵君轻”、“民事不可缓”的民本情怀，提出了“薄税敛”以“藏富于民”的富民经济理想。正是基于这种富民经济理想，孟子因而在施政次第上首倡“制民恒产”的土地经济政策，提出了使民“养生丧死无憾，王道之始”的养民经济观；其次，在商业经济领域，孟子又提出了“互通有无”的“自由贸易”的惠民经济观。     

我国农民参加新型农村社会养老保险影响因素研究——来自宁夏451户农村家庭的调查数据

文章基于宁夏451户农村家庭的微观调查数据,采用描述性统计分析和Logistic回归分析的方法,对西部民族地区农民参加新型农村社会养老保险的影响因素进行了研究。结果发现:(1)农民参加新型农村社会保险的积极性较高,三个试点县的平均参保率达到了75.4%;(2)个人特征中的年龄、民族与学历,家庭特征中的人均收入与耕地亩数,信息特征中的了解程度,以及邻居影响7个因素对农民参保具有显著的影响。文章发现,民族特征在农民参加新型农村社会养老保险过程中具有显著作用,而高学历和高收入的农民的参保概率反而比较低。     

An Empirical Analysis of the Determinants of Interest Rates in Ghana

ABSTRACT

This paper provides an empirical analysis of the determinants of the bank lending rate in Ghana using annual time series data from 1970 to 2013. We found evidence of a long-run equilibrium relationship between the average lending rate charged by commercial banks and its determining factors. In the long run, bank lending rates in Ghana are positively influenced by nominal exchange rates and Bank of Ghana’s monetary policy rate but negatively with fiscal deficit, real GDP and inflation. We also find positive dependence of the bank lending rate on exchange rates, and the monetary policy rate both in the short and long run. Specifically, our findings reveal that the Bank of Ghana’s monetary policy rate and the exchange rate, by far, show strong contemporaneous effects on the average bank lending rate in Ghana.     

新时期西部农村地区发展电子商务物流存在的问题及对策

近年来,电子商务发展迅速,但西部农村地区由于各方面条件欠缺,电子商务物流发展缓慢.因此,我们必须根据实际,找准问题,发展好西部农村地区电子商务物流.     

农村集体资产管理的政府干预探析

政府的适时介入、适度干预是强化农村集体资产管理的必然之需。但是，政府对农村集体资产管理的干预是一柄“双刃剑”：一方面，这种干预起到了提高农村财务人员素质、规范农村财务管理以及从源头治腐等积极效应；另一方面，这种干预也引发了侵害集体财产、增加基层政府财政压力等负面效应。当前，亟须对农村集体资产管理政府干预的路径进行优化：一是要明确农村集体资产管理政府干预的基本原则，二是要解决好农村集体资产管理政府干预的四个关键性问题。     

The Impact of Eco-regions in Austria on Sustainable Rural Livelihoods

This paper provides a closer look into the concept of eco-regions in Austria. The idea behind the eco-region is to merge organic farming and rural development into a territorial strategy. The actors proposing this are farmers as well as various stakeholders in regional development. A survey of current manifestations of eco-regions in Austria provides an overview and a base for a preliminary classification. It also indicates the eco-region concept as a potential answer to individual problem situations. The ‘Eco-region National Park Hohe Tauern’ serves as a specific case to assess the impact of this concept using the sustainable rural livelihood (SRL) framework. The case study proves that the concept of eco-regions delivers a range of improvements in the livelihood of small organic farms in less favoured regions. Moreover it supports the forging of new alliances, which can extend the principles of sustainability inherent to organic farming to other actors and sectors in the region. Thus it provides the framework for a territorial application of the principles of organic farming. But the case study also reveals potential dangers, especially from powerful market partners who use the concept for their purposes, dominating further development and creating new dependencies. Finally some general conclusions on the preconditions necessary to establish eco-regions are presented.     

Trees,agroforestry and multifunctional agriculture in Cameroon

Modern agriculture has deprived local communities in the tropics of their natural life-support system—the forest resource and the traditional knowledge about indigenous species—and this has not been replaced by employment opportunities or social services. This project in the west and northwest regions of Cameroon takes an innovative three-step approach to improving the lives of local people by establishing rural resource centres (RRCs) to: (i) Rehabilitate degraded land and promote food security through the use of nitrogen-fixing trees to restore crop yields and then the diversification of the farming system with new crops; (ii) Create income generation opportunities from village tree nurseries and the domestication of indigenous fruits and nuts for local and regional trade. Income is rising annually and currently averages $150, $16,000 and $21,000 per RRC after 2, 5 and 10 years, respectively; (iii) Encourage the processing and marketing of food crops and tree products in order to create employment and entrepreneurial opportunities for community members. Income is currently $2400 per enterprise. The project's philosophy is one of helping smallholder farming communities to help themselves: first to become self-sufficient and economically independent, and then to be a hub for the dissemination of knowledge and skills to neighbouring communities.     

Systems approach to pro-poor land reforms: A concept paper

There has been renewed interest in the academic discourse on land reforms due to recent high profile works suggesting a positive correlation between reforms and poverty reduction. Land is held under different tenure regimes in different regions, countries and communities. These are often in the form of community tenure, state tenure, individual tenure or a mixture of two or three of them. However, land reformers are in constant debate as to which of the three offers the most appropriate pathway to poverty reduction. The policy outcomes of such debates have been to superimpose one tenure option over the other in differing situations. This article conceptualises a metaphorical approach to land reforms grounded on general systems theory. It advocates for contextualised methodological rigour and an approach to land reforms reliant on the influencing variables of alternative land tenure regimes as opposed to wanton superimposition of one form of tenure over the other.     

市政排水管道施工质量管理的探讨

为了确保市政排水管道的施工质量,就要从市政排水管道施工各个工作过程着手,采取相应的质量管理措施。本文对市政排水管道施工的质量管理进行探讨。为确保市政排水管道的施工质量提供借鉴。     

浅谈会计从业人员职业道德建设

本文就会计从业人员职业道德建设谈点个人粗浅认识.